BIOL 133 Week 12 Chapter 16

BIOL 133 Chapter 16-wk 12 Study Questions with Answers

1. A gene is made up of three exons (numbered consecutively) with two introns (intron 1 between exons 1 and 2 and intron 2 between exons 2 and 3). What would happen if there were a mutation at the 3’ splice site of intron 1?

2. _________ is the first protein to bind to mRNA to being initiation of translation.

3. In eukaryotes, where would a protective modification be found on mRNA?

4. The portions of the mature mRNA where RNA-binding proteins can attach in order to change RNA stability are known as

5. Overexpression of miRNAs can lead to a decrease of protein expression associated with some forms of cancer. What could a drug do to counter this effect?

6. What would happen if there were a mutation in the operator of the trp operon?

7. Epigenetics refers to a special kind of hereditary mechanism. Epigenetic changes do not change the DNA nucleotide sequence, yet their effect on gene expression can last for several generations.

In one surprising study, it was found that the grandsons of men who suffered a famine were less likely to die of cardiovascular disease. The experience of famine made some cardio-protective change in the sperm of those grandfathers that was passed on.

What type of change was likely responsible?

8. Enhancers located hundreds of bases upstream of a gene can be brought to the promoter by _________.

9. If every cell in the body gets the same DNA, how do the cells of an embryo make different structures and take on different roles? (Select all that apply.)

10. What part of the ribosome is important in catalyzing peptide bonds?