NR 291 Study Guide Exam 2

NR-291 Pharmacology I

Study Guide – Exam 2

Effects of the Peripheral Vascular System

• Cholinergic – Parasympathetic Nervous System (feed and breed; rest and digest)
• Adrenergic – Sympathetic Nervous System (fight or flight)

Chapter 36: Antihistamines, Decongestants, Antitussives, and Expectorants

• Know and apply pharmacology treatment for the common cold
• Antihistamines (-dine) (-iramine) (-tadine)
• Decongestants
• Antitussives – only for nonproductive coughs
• Expectorants

Chapter 37: Respiratory Drugs

• Know Evidence-Based Practice Guideline from GINA (stepwise plan)
• Know classifications and actions of respiratory drugs (Bronchodilators, etc…)
• Relievers
• Controllers
• Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs)
• Xanthine derivatives
• Anti-IgE
• Long-acting anticholinergics
• Know and apply asthma action plan, definition of control, questions asked, peak meter flow

Chapter 41: Antitubercular Drugs

• Common infection sites
• TB-Related Injections
• Know and apply concepts of bactericidal and bacteriostatic therapy
• Know and apply concepts of culture and sensitivity of TB sputum cultures
• Know patient and family education regarding spread of infection
• Know and apply concept of MDR-TB
• Know first-line drug therapy (RIPE) for TB, including length of treatment

Chapter 18: Adrenergic Drugs

• Know multiple names of this classification of drugs (vasopressors, etc…)
  • Vasoactive Adrenergics, Pressors, Inotropes, Cardioselective Sympathomimetics
• Know effects of sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight), both alpha and beta receptors
• Vasopressors (-ine)

Chapter 19: Adrenergic-Blocking Drugs

• Know multiple names of this classification of drugs (adrenergic antagonists, etc…)
  • Adrenergic Antagonists, Alpha blockers, Alpha/Beta blockers, Beta blockers, Sympatholytics
• Alpha blockers (-zosin): arterial and venous dilation, decreases resistance to urinary outflow
  • Know and apply concept of first-dose phenomenon: severe and sudden drop in BP
  • Examples:  doxazosin, tamsulosin
  • phentolamine: 1
• Beta blockers (-olol) – block neurotrasmitters (norepinephrine and epinephrine)
  • Know effects of selective (cardioselective) and non-selective
  • Examples:  atenolol, metoprolol

 

Chapter 22: Antihypertensive Drugs

• Know multiple classifications of drugs (adrenergic, ACE-I, etc…)
• Adrenergic Drugs
• ACE-Inhibitors (ACE-I) (-pril):
  • Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) (-sartan):slows progression of left ventricular hypertrophy after MI and increases survival rate after MI
• Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) (amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil):
• Diuretics – Thiazide (hydrocholorothiazide):
• Vasodilators (sodium nitroprusside):

Chapter 28: Diuretic Drugs

• Know multiple classifications of drugs:
• Know drugs effect on potassium, signs and symptoms of hypokalemia, diet considerations
• Loop (furosemide):
• Osmotic (mannitol):
• Potassium-sparing (spironolactone):
• Thiazide (hydrocholorothiazide):
• Thiazide-like (metolazone):
• Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (acetazolamide)

Chapter 23: Antianginal Drugs

• Know multiple classifications of drugs:
• Nitrates / nitrites (-nitro or -nitrate):
• Beta blockers (-olol):
• Calcium channel blockers (CCBs):

Chapter 24: Heart Failure Drugs

• Know multiple classifications of drugs
• Know concepts of preload and afterload, link with each classification
• ACE-I (-pril)
• ARBs (-sartan)
• Diuretics
• Nitrates/vasodilators (nitrates, hydralazine):
• Beta-blockers (-olol):
• Positive inotropes