NUR 2115 Final Exam -Fundamentals of Professional Nursing - Rasmussen College

NUR2115- Fundamentals of Professional Nursing

Final Exam Concept Review

All Modules

• Review various nursing diagnoses related to specific patient problems discussed in Fundamentals
• Roughly 60% of the final exam will be cumulative over mod 1-7

Module 1-3 Concepts:

• Importance of documentation of assessments & interventions
• Types of nonverbal behavior which could promote improved communication
• The importance of QSEN competencies in nursing education
• What is a sentinel event?  
• What is the main purpose for incident reporting?
• Examples of health promotion activities for primary, secondary and tertiary
• ISBARR, DARE, SOAPIEnotes for team communication
• Review teaching for a patient with modifiable health risk factors
• Age related safety concerns across the lifespan
• 6 Dimensions of wellness definitions
• Know the importance of basing our care plan on nursing theory
  • HP 2020 Goals
  • Developmental theories: focus on Erickson’s
  • EBP- what information to trust for best practices- ANA, CDC, US Dept of Health, National Institute of Health (NIH).  
  • No .com sites for professional nursing. No blogs should be used as a reference-.
  • OK to use most .org .edu or .gov sites.
  • P.I.C.O. statements
  • ANA Scope of Practice
  • ANA Standards of Professional Performance- definitions (mod 1)

Musculoskeletal:

• Review education on crutch, cane, walkerambulation
• Review safety precautions when repositioning patient in bed
• Review nursing interventions which would be included in caring for a patient with contractures
• Review the difference between active and passive range of motion

Vital Signs:

• Review the assessment of all vital signs including BP, HR, respirations, temperature and pulse ox.
• Think about how you would handle VS outside of range for each VS and Spo2
• What trends in VS are worrisome and how should the RN respond?
• Review normal values for VS: BP, HR, respirations, temperature and pulse ox across the lifespan
• When may it be inappropriate to delegate VS?

Module 4-7:

• Review definitions of the nursing process including:
• Assessment
• nursing diagnoses
• Planning
• Outcomes
• interventions
• evaluation

When you obtain your assessment data, what is the next step in the process?

After establishing goals, what is the next step?

After implementing a new teaching plan, what is the next step (using the nursing process?)

In order to create a nursing diagnosis, what details do you reference?: A. the medical diagnosis or B. the Nursing assessment?

When prioritizing the nursing diagnoses, what goes first, your actual diagnoses or the “risk for” diagnoses.

Respiratory/Cardiac:

• Review various lab data and normal values: BUN, electrolytes, CBC, blood glucose
• Review the common adventitious lungs sounds (wheezes, pleural friction rub, rhonchi, crackles and stridor) and what specific conditions you would auscultate them (COPD, pneumonia, asthma, CHF)
• Review respiratory terminology: dyspnea, cyanosis, tachypnea, bradypnea, apnea in beginning of Chap 38
• Review the ACUTE and Chronic effects of hypoxia on the respiratory system and the rest of the body.
• Review the anatomical locations for auscultation of cardiac and respiratory systems (aortic, pulmonic, tricuspid and mitral)
• Review how to determine types of pitting edema: 1+, 2+, 3+ and 4+
• Review interventions to decrease risks for pulmonary embolism
• Review grading of pulses: bounding, normal, diminished, absent

Infection/ Inflammation/ Thermoregulation:

• Review the difference between inflammation and infection
• Review the effects of excessive or ineffective inflammatory response which could occur in a patient
• Review the purpose/benefits of the inflammatory process including fever benefits
• Review infection terms: opportunistic, virulence, phagocytosis, hospital-acquired, nosocomial, immunocompromised
• Review the chain of infection: infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, portal of entry, susceptible host, mode of transmission
• Review stages of infection: incubation period, prodromal stage, full stage of illness, convalescent period
• Review types of nosocomial and hospital acquired infections (HAI’s)
• Review rationale of proper hand hygiene
• Review terminology: bacteremia
• Review signs and symptoms of infection
• Review the difference between endogenous nosocomial and exogenous nosocomial infection

(Mod 7) Integumentary and Tissue Integrity:

• Review the stages of pressure ulcers including I, II, II and VI ulcers as well as unstageable and suspected deep tissue injury
• Review integumentary changes in various developmental ages
• Review the importance of nutrition and wound healing
• Review the following precautions: protective, droplet, airborne, contact, standard, isolation, airborne
• Review the difference between a wound evisceration, dehiscence, fistula, hemorrhage.
• Review the use and advantages of negative pressure wound therapy (wound vac)
• Review process of healing: primary, secondary, tertiary
• Review the use and rationale of the Braden scale
• Review the difference between acute and chronic wounds
• Review the effect of shearing force and friction on skin integrity

40% of exam will be on the following sections:

Glucose Regulation:

• Review patient education a nurse would include in self administration of insulin
• Review the normal lab values for fasting blood glucose and A1C
• Review risk factors and complications of diabetes
• Review treatment modalities for diabetes
• Review treatment for hypoglycemia
• Review education and teaching on foot care of a diabetic patient

Gastrointestinal:

• Review the complete assessment of the GI system including inspection, auscultation, palpation and percussion
• Review conditions of diarrhea and constipation and precipitating factors of each
• Review the components in a focused GI assessment
• Review risks and treatments for constipation& diarrhea
• Review effects of immobility on the GI system
• Review the risk factors which increase irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
• Review diagnostic colon cancer screening
• Review teaching regarding a patient undergoing a colonoscopy
• Review education and teaching regarding ostomy care
• Review side effects of diarrhea& constipation
• Discuss the interrelationship between GI system disorders and antibiotics

Genitourinary:

• Review the components of performing a GU assess
• Review s/s of UTI, risks for developing UTI and treatments
• Review the effects of immobility on the GU system
• Review the GU terminology: micturition, oliguria, dysuria, retention, urgency
• Review nursing care for urinary incontinence
• Review the process of obtaining a 24-hour urine collection
• Review the collection of a midstream urine specimen

Pain/Stress & Adaptation:

• Review the effects that severe/uncontrolled pain has on VS
• Review the types of pain: chronic, acute, intractable, neuropathic, radiating, phantom, referred psychogenic
• Review which pain management tasks can be delegated to nursing assistant
• Review alternative techniques of pain management: hypnosis, distraction, guided imagery, massage, reiki, music, aromatherapy
• Review risks of inadequate pain management
• Review care planning and prioritization of pain control
• Describe the body’s stress response
• What are the physiological effects of prolonged stress on the body?
• Describe sleep deprivation and establishing a care plan around sleep